They re made of graphite impregnated aramid fiber and are for use in pumps and valves.
Water pump mechanical seal material.
Rings of ceramic carbide carbon or composites of these materials are lapped flat in the range of less than 1 micron on an axial end face.
The more common end or rotating face mechanical seal designs feature mating faces as the primary sealing elements.
These seals require lighter packing pressure than standard oil and water resistant packing seals so they cause less friction and reduce shaft wear.
Mechanical seals require clean water or other compatible liquid for the lubrication of the seal faces.
The faces in a typical mechanical seal are lubricated with a boundary layer of gas or liquid between the faces.
If your specification calls for this range the pump seal material specification should be changed to epr carbon tungsten carbide tc or epr silicon carbide sic silicon carbide sic.
The load the seal faces receive are engineered into the design of the seal.
The other key aspect of a mechanical pump seal is how to maintain the seal.
Springs single or multiple a metal bellows or just compressed elastomers are used to provide the needed energy to keep pressing the seal faces together.
Vulcan seals water pump mechanical seals.